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Council finances · Council services and finances

Council finances: did the council spend more than it had?

In 2023/24, Portsmouth City Council added £23.3m to reserves. That is the movement in its general and earmarked reserves, which includes planned transfers, so it is not a profit or a loss. Ten years of results are below, beside Southampton City Council and Chichester District Council. They are different kinds of council, so whole-council spending is never ranked.

2023/24 is the latest year with final figures for all three councils. Newer years are shown but marked not yet final. Figures from the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, checked 2026-11-11. Money is in £ millions unless stated.

The annual result

Choose a council and a year. Each panel shows how the gap between spending and funding was covered, the reserves left, the result against the approved budget where the council reports it, and what the statutory accounts show. A balanced budget after using reserves does not mean there was no pressure.

Portsmouth City Council · Unitary authority

All local-authority services for the city, including education, social care, highways, waste collection and disposal, housing (with a Housing Revenue Account) and public health.

2023/24

How the gap was covered

Added £23.3m to reserves

Movement in general and other earmarked reserves. More was put into reserves than taken out. Planned transfers to earmarked reserves count, so this is not necessarily a surplus.

Reserves at 31 March

£21.4m general

Plus £205.9m earmarked for stated purposes. Excludes schools, ring-fenced and housing-landlord reserves.

Against the approved budget

Not obtained

The council’s own budget outturn report was not read for this year (management budget outturn report not acquired). Nothing is estimated.

What the statutory accounts show

Accounting surplus £5.4m

An accounting result including depreciation, pension and valuation adjustments. It is not a cash loss. Audit: disclaimer (audited).

Restated. Other earmarked reserves at 31 March: first reported £205.9m, the next year opens at £211.6m.

Reserves used or added each year (£m)

9.315/1623.016/1721.617/1817.218/1911.919/2050.120/2132.121/2220.022/2323.323/2413.124/2528.525/26

Below the line: reserves were used to cover the gap. Above: added to reserves.

General (unallocated) reserve at 31 March (£m)

12.715/1615.516/1717.117/1823.018/1923.019/2023.420/2121.421/2221.522/2321.423/2422.024/2522.125/26

The council’s cushion against shocks.

Other earmarked reserves at 31 March (£m)

106.615/16126.816/17146.817/18165.318/19177.219/20226.920/21192.221/22182.522/23205.923/24224.124/25252.425/26

Set aside for stated purposes, so not all of it is free to spend.

Accounting (surplus)/deficit (£m)

gap15/16105.816/1739.217/1817.718/1914.119/2021.920/2144.421/2254.322/235.423/24gap24/25gap25/26

An accounting result, not cash. Years without a bar were not obtained.

Southampton City Council · Unitary authority

All local-authority services for the city, including education, social care, highways, waste collection and disposal, housing (with a Housing Revenue Account) and public health.

2023/24

How the gap was covered

Used £11.8m from reserves

Movement in general and other earmarked reserves. Spending was greater than the funding planned for the year, so reserves were drawn on.

Reserves at 31 March

£10.1m general

Plus £35.5m earmarked for stated purposes. Excludes schools, ring-fenced and housing-landlord reserves.

Against the approved budget

Not obtained

The council’s own budget outturn report was not read for this year (management budget outturn report not acquired). Nothing is estimated.

What the statutory accounts show

Accounting deficit £187.1m

An accounting result including depreciation, pension and valuation adjustments. It is not a cash loss. Audit: disclaimer (audited).

Reserves used or added each year (£m)

5.115/163.016/1713.517/182.418/196.919/2036.120/2134.021/2247.522/2311.823/246.424/2522.425/26

Below the line: reserves were used to cover the gap. Above: added to reserves.

General (unallocated) reserve at 31 March (£m)

12.815/1611.216/1711.317/1810.118/1910.119/2010.120/2110.121/2210.122/2310.123/2412.024/2512.425/26

The council’s cushion against shocks.

Other earmarked reserves at 31 March (£m)

63.915/1668.516/1782.017/1885.718/1992.619/20128.720/2194.821/2247.322/2335.523/2439.924/2561.925/26

Set aside for stated purposes, so not all of it is free to spend.

Accounting (surplus)/deficit (£m)

gap15/1647.616/1726.517/1814.618/1931.919/2015.420/2147.521/2297.222/23187.123/24gap24/25gap25/26

An accounting result, not cash. Years without a bar were not obtained.

Chichester District Council · District council (lower tier)

District services only: for example planning, waste collection, housing and homelessness, leisure, parks and licensing. West Sussex County Council, not Chichester District Council, provides education, social care, highways, libraries and waste disposal; its budget is not apportioned here. Chichester City Council is a separate, much smaller parish-level body and is not covered.

2023/24

How the gap was covered

Added £7.9m to reserves

Movement in general and other earmarked reserves. More was put into reserves than taken out. Planned transfers to earmarked reserves count, so this is not necessarily a surplus.

Reserves at 31 March

£17.0m general

Plus £42.9m earmarked for stated purposes. Excludes schools, ring-fenced and housing-landlord reserves.

Against the approved budget

Not obtained

The council’s own budget outturn report was not read for this year (management budget outturn report not acquired). Nothing is estimated.

What the statutory accounts show

Accounting surplus £9.0m

An accounting result including depreciation, pension and valuation adjustments. It is not a cash loss. Audit: disclaimer (audited).

Restated. Unallocated (general) reserve at 31 March: first reported £17.0m, the next year opens at £16.9m.

Reserves used or added each year (£m)

5.315/163.816/174.617/185.318/193.819/2016.020/216.321/226.922/237.923/245.924/259.225/26

Below the line: reserves were used to cover the gap. Above: added to reserves.

General (unallocated) reserve at 31 March (£m)

11.915/1612.316/1714.917/1815.318/1916.819/2016.620/218.921/226.622/2317.023/2420.024/2530.425/26

The council’s cushion against shocks.

Other earmarked reserves at 31 March (£m)

28.015/1631.416/1724.117/1828.918/1931.219/2047.520/2148.821/2245.422/2342.923/2445.624/2544.525/26

Set aside for stated purposes, so not all of it is free to spend.

Accounting (surplus)/deficit (£m)

4.415/162.716/17gap17/18gap18/192.419/207.720/2111.621/221.922/239.023/24gap24/25gap25/26

An accounting result, not cash. Years without a bar were not obtained.

Compare common services

Only services every one of the three councils provides on the same definition. This is not a comparison of whole councils: Chichester District does not run education, social care or highways. Choose a year.

Waste collection (2023/24): net current expenditure per resident. Both unitaries and the district collect household waste. Waste disposal is excluded: West Sussex County Council disposes of Chichester's waste.
CouncilTypeNet spending (£m)Residents (ONS estimate)£ per resident
PortsmouthUnitary authority4.0213,939£18.61
SouthamptonUnitary authority6.7258,617£26.01
Chichester DistrictDistrict council (lower tier)3.3128,114£26.13
Planning (development control, building control and planning policy) (2023/24): net current expenditure per resident. All three are local planning authorities. Economic development and community development lines are excluded because functions differ by council type.
CouncilTypeNet spending (£m)Residents (ONS estimate)£ per resident
PortsmouthUnitary authority2.1213,939£9.62
SouthamptonUnitary authority1.9258,617£7.53
Chichester DistrictDistrict council (lower tier)3.7128,114£28.72
Sport, leisure and parks (2023/24): net current expenditure per resident. Libraries, museums and archives are excluded: West Sussex County Council provides libraries in Chichester. The sport and parks lines were re-cut in the 2019-20 return, so earlier years are not compared.
CouncilTypeNet spending (£m)Residents (ONS estimate)£ per resident
PortsmouthUnitary authority3.8213,939£17.87
SouthamptonUnitary authority3.6258,617£14.08
Chichester DistrictDistrict council (lower tier)-1.8128,114£-13.85
Homelessness services (General Fund) (2023/24): net current expenditure per resident. All three are local housing authorities. The total homelessness line starts in 2020-21; earlier returns split the service across three lines that excluded temporary accommodation, so they are not comparable. The 2025-26 return adds management and support service costs to the form. General Fund only: the HRA is excluded.
CouncilTypeNet spending (£m)Residents (ONS estimate)£ per resident
PortsmouthUnitary authority12.3213,939£57.70
SouthamptonUnitary authority2.9258,617£11.35
Chichester DistrictDistrict council (lower tier)2.0128,114£15.49

Only lines that every council reports on the same definition. Per-resident figures use the same-year ONS estimate. Never combine these with whole-council totals. Spending per resident reflects what each council provides, how it funds it and its local needs, so a higher figure is not a worse result.

Every figure, with its source

Open the full table for all three councils (all years)
Portsmouth City Council (Unitary authority): official figures by year, £ thousand, source signs kept (in reserve movements + added, − used)
YearNet movement in general and other earmarked reservesMovement in unallocated (general) reservesMovement in other earmarked reservesUnallocated (general) reserve at 31 MarchOther earmarked reserves at 31 MarchNet revenue expenditureCouncil tax requirementAccounting (Surplus)/Deficit on provision of servicesManagement budget: net expenditure against budgetRelease statusAudit
2015/169,2881,5487,74012,733106,610128,30262,416not acquiredmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredFinalnot read
2016/1722,9702,81520,15515,548126,765122,00565,228-105,816management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalauditor report not in document
2017/1821,5661,50920,05717,057146,822112,98570,774-39,233management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalauditor report not in document
2018/1917,2352,43014,80522,996165,275133,23974,66017,662management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalauditor report not in document
2019/2011,9411411,92723,010177,203140,37679,71614,142management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalauditor report not in document
2020/2150,06336349,70023,373226,903145,18783,855-21,865management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalauditor report not in document
2021/22-32,104-1,950-30,15421,423192,202180,93786,137-44,363management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2022/23-20,02793-20,12021,516182,495161,03089,846-54,338management budget outturn report not acquiredFinaldisclaimer
2023/2423,259-10623,36521,410205,860145,53694,778-5,389management budget outturn report not acquiredFinaldisclaimer
2024/2513,09359212,50122,002224,071176,053100,925not acquiredmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredNot yet finalnot read
2025/2628,48211028,37222,112252,444175,494107,858not acquiredmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredNot yet finalnot read
Southampton City Council (Unitary authority): official figures by year, £ thousand, source signs kept (in reserve movements + added, − used)
YearNet movement in general and other earmarked reservesMovement in unallocated (general) reservesMovement in other earmarked reservesUnallocated (general) reserve at 31 MarchOther earmarked reserves at 31 MarchNet revenue expenditureCouncil tax requirementAccounting (Surplus)/Deficit on provision of servicesManagement budget: net expenditure against budgetRelease statusAudit
2015/165,073-7,13112,20412,80663,944173,54777,270cies layout not recognisedmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2016/173,004-1,6014,60511,20568,549168,53681,010-47,634management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalauditor report not in document
2017/1813,486013,48611,31682,035158,66288,480-26,545management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2018/192,426-1,2503,67610,06685,711176,05795,93414,575management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2019/206,92406,92410,06692,635192,11999,74631,850management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2020/2136,114036,11410,066128,749179,879102,535-15,351management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2021/22-33,9780-33,97810,06694,770204,056105,88147,538management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2022/23-47,4750-47,47510,06647,295222,671108,77097,153management budget outturn report not acquiredFinaldisclaimer
2023/24-11,7670-11,76710,06635,528209,664115,772187,102management budget outturn report not acquiredFinaldisclaimer
2024/256,3511,9344,41712,00039,945211,521121,430not acquiredmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredNot yet finalnot read
2025/2622,37339621,97712,39661,922195,888128,167not acquiredmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredNot yet finalnot read
Chichester District Council (District council (lower tier)): official figures by year, £ thousand, source signs kept (in reserve movements + added, − used)
YearNet movement in general and other earmarked reservesMovement in unallocated (general) reservesMovement in other earmarked reservesUnallocated (general) reserve at 31 MarchOther earmarked reserves at 31 MarchNet revenue expenditureCouncil tax requirementAccounting (Surplus)/Deficit on provision of servicesManagement budget: net expenditure against budgetRelease statusAudit
2015/165,2521,2474,00511,91528,0378,787.929,5744,378management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2016/173,7713743,39712,32531,40610,32910,1922,690management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2017/18-4,6492,618-7,26714,94324,13918,08810,774cies page not foundmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredFinalauditor report not in document
2018/195,2614534,80815,31828,9488,96111,298cies layout not recognisedmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2019/203,8071,5132,29416,83131,24211,73711,7522,387management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2020/2116,0491,35914,69016,61347,47417,02412,414-7,747management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2021/22-6,295-7,6011,3068,91848,77417,08812,956-11,592management budget outturn report not acquiredFinalunmodified
2022/23-6,882-2,291-4,5916,62445,36419,25313,6331,930management budget outturn report not acquiredFinaldisclaimer
2023/247,92910,500-2,57117,03042,91510,26114,474-8,952management budget outturn report not acquiredFinaldisclaimer
2024/255,8543,1352,71920,04545,63414,82315,152not acquiredmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredNot yet finalnot read
2025/269,19710,305-1,10830,39344,52613,45216,657not acquiredmanagement budget outturn report not acquiredNot yet finalnot read

Hover or focus a figure for its source table and field. Downloads: full data (JSON) · figures by council and year (CSV).

What the words mean

Budget result
Whether the council spent more or less than it had to spend that year. In this record it is shown as the movement in reserves: when a council draws on reserves, spending was greater than the funding it had planned to use.
Reserves
Money the council has set aside. General (unallocated) reserves are a cushion for shocks. Earmarked reserves are set aside for a stated purpose. Schools, ring-fenced and housing-landlord reserves cannot be used for general services.
Accounting deficit
The result in the formal accounts after depreciation, pension and valuation adjustments. Most of these adjustments are not cash and are reversed out before the General Fund is affected, so an accounting deficit is not the same as overspending.
General Fund
The council's main account for day-to-day services. The Housing Revenue Account (council housing) is kept separate by law.
Outturn
The council's actual spending and income for a finished year, as reported to government, before any later audit change.
  • Chichester District Council is a district council. It does not provide education, social care, highways, libraries or waste disposal, so its whole-council figures are not comparable with the two unitary councils and are never ranked against them. West Sussex County Council's budget is not apportioned to Chichester.
  • The reserve movement is how the gap between spending and funding is covered, not a profit or loss. Planned transfers to earmarked reserves are included, so a positive movement is not necessarily a surplus and a negative one is not necessarily a failure.
  • The accounting (surplus)/deficit includes non-cash adjustments (depreciation, pensions, revaluations) that are reversed before they affect the General Fund. It must not be shown as a cash loss.
  • Housing Revenue Account and group accounts are kept apart from the council General Fund result.
  • 2025/26 is the first release of the MHCLG outturn (published September 2026) and any council figure for 2025/26 is unaudited. Later releases can change it.
  • The management-budget comparison (outturn against the approved budget) is not in the MHCLG data. It is left blank unless read from a council's own outturn report or accounts narrative; see gaps.

Sources, method and gaps

Method
  • MHCLG revenue outturn data: one CSV for 2017/18 to 2025/26 and the individual-authority workbooks for 2015/16 and 2016/17. Units are £ thousand. The metadata workbook's release log supplies each year's release status.
  • Reserve movements are the appropriations to or from reserves in the revenue outturn summary; reserve balances are the year-end levels in the same return. Next year's opening balances are compared with this year's closing balances to detect restatements.
  • Statements of Accounts are read with pdftotext (PDF) or the Word table text; the single-entity Comprehensive Income and Expenditure Statement line is located by its printed label and column layout, and every value carries its page. Where the layout is not recognised the value is left blank with a reason.
  • Where a council website refused automated access, the file read is the Internet Archive capture of the same published URL (shown in sources[].via with its hash). No bot challenge is circumvented.
Years or documents not obtained (7)
  • Portsmouth 2024/25, statement of accounts: not-acquired: direct: bot challenge or non-file response (not circumvented); archive: no file capture of this URL (captures that exist are HTML pages, for example a bot-challenge page)
  • Portsmouth 2025/26, statement of accounts: not-acquired: direct: bot challenge or non-file response (not circumvented); archive: no file capture of this URL (captures that exist are HTML pages, for example a bot-challenge page)
  • Southampton 2015/16, statement of accounts: cies-layout-not-recognised
  • Southampton 2024/25, statement of accounts: not-acquired: direct: bot challenge or non-file response (not circumvented); archive: no file capture of this URL (captures that exist are HTML pages, for example a bot-challenge page)
  • Chichester District 2017/18, statement of accounts: cies-page-not-found
  • Chichester District 2018/19, statement of accounts: cies-layout-not-recognised
  • Chichester District 2024/25, statement of accounts: not-acquired: direct: HTTPError: HTTP Error 403: Forbidden; archive: no file capture of this URL (captures that exist are HTML pages, for example a bot-challenge page)
Sources (37)